Clinical Applications:
Most clinical trials have used between 120 and 240 mg of GBE (standardized to contain 6% terpene lactones and 24% flavone glycosides) per day, generally divided into two or three portions. [9] The higher amount (240 mg per day) has been used in some people with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease, age-related cognitive decline, intermittent claudication, and resistant depression. GBE may need to be taken for eight to twelve weeks before desired actions such as cognitive improvement are noticed. Although nonstandardized Ginkgo biloba leaf and tinctures are available, there is no well-established amount or use for these forms.
Contraindications:
Inform your doctor you are taking Ginkgo before scheduled for surgery as GBE may affect bleeding time.
Memory
In a double blind study, there was significant improvement in short-term memory following 600 mg. of Ginkgo biloba extract in comparison to a placebo. (Hindmarch, 1984)
Cognitive FunctionElderly patients had improved mental performance in a double blind study after taking Ginkgo biloba. (Gebner, Voelp, Klasser, 1985)
Ginkgo is well-known for its effect on memory and thinking (cognitive function). It may enhance cognitive performance in healthy older adults, [8] in people with age-related cognitive decline, and in people with Alzheimer’s disease.
Brain and Cardiovascular Health
The medical benefits of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) are attributed primarily to two groups of active constituents: the ginkgo flavone glycosides and the terpene lactones. Ginkgo flavone glycosides, which typically make up approximately 24% of the extract, are primarily responsible for GBE’s antioxidant activity and may mildly inhibit platelet aggregation (stickiness). These two actions may help GBE prevent circulatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, and support the brain and central nervous system. [1]
Eye Health
In addition to the cardiovascular system, GBE’s antioxidant action may also extend to the brain and retina of the eye. [2] Preliminary trials have suggested potential benefit for people with macular degeneration3 and diabetic retinopathy. [4] The terpene lactones found in GBE, known as ginkgolides and bilobalide, typically make up approximately 6% of the extract. They are associated with increasing circulation to the brain and other parts of the body, and may exert a protective action on nerve cells. [5] GBE regulates the tone and elasticity of blood vessels,6 making circulation more efficient. [7]
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