Research Review Research shows that grape seed/skin extracts may benefit:
Connective Tissue:
- wound healing
- skin, blood vessels, joints
Brain Protection Against:
- stroke, neurotoxins, aging
Cardiovascular Disease:
- reduce LDL oxidation and plaque formation
- reduce platelet aggregation
- support vessel elasticity
- reduce inflammation
Hormonal Health:
- aromatase inhibition
- estrogen competition
Cancer:
- estrogen modulator
- protect DNA from mutagens
- reduce proliferation
Diabetes:
- reduce AGE induced stress
May have overall longevity effects
DFH NEW & IMPROVED grape seed/skin extracts formula employs a two phase combination directed at both the water soluble and fat soluble mediums in the body such as blood lipids, brain tissue or serum and various proteins (collagen, lipoproteins, enzymes). In addition, the technology that provides the fat soluble component, the Phytosome, increases absorption and bioavailability of the grape seed extract by approximately 50% according to research results.
Two of the extracts contained in Grape Seed Supreme, the Biovin and Leucoselect Phytosome have been validated by published research performed on the exact raw materials provided by our suppliers.(1-4) This is important because the composition of various grape seed/skin extracts on the market depends greatly on the extraction method used to derive the compounds.
Biovin and Leucoselect Phytosome were studied for absorption and antioxidant activity, cardiovascular markers (LDL oxidation, arterial fatty streaks) as well as a complete profile of the bioactive substances they contain.(1-4)
The benefits observed in trials using wine, grapes and various fruits and vegetables are more likely to be reproduced by using grape seed/skin extracts if a complete array of the phenolic compounds are present in the supplemental form.
The Biovin component is a water soluble extract of grape with a wide array of polyphenols such as: trans-Resveratrol, Quercitin, Catechin, Epicatechin, and more.
CANCER PROTECTION: Resveratrol has been studied alone or as part of wine extracts and shown to have a modulating effect on estrogen metabolism in two ways:
- Estrogen competitor on the estrogen receptors(13)
- Inhibits the aromatase enzyme that converts intra-cellular testosterone into estrogen.(12)
Due to these mechanisms Resveratrol may reduce the risk of breast/uterine and prostate cancer similar to the prescription aromatase inhibitors or SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators).(5, 9) (Alcohol alone increases aromatase enzyme activity!) In addition, resveratrol was shown to reduce breast cancer initiation by blocking the DNA binding of mutagens such as those from burned meats (heterocyclic amines)(10) as well as cancer cell proliferation (through down regulation of NF-kappaB).(5)
CARDIOVASCULAR PROTECTION: Leucoselect Phytosome is a grape seed extract complexed with phosphatidyl choline and it absorbs like a fat soluble compound in the lymphatic circulation incorporated into chylomicrons. This route of administration makes it likely for the phytosome-complexed grape seed extract to be later associated with the lipoproteins, since they are derived from chylomicrons. Studies of absorption shows that it peaks in the blood stream in one hour, returning close to baseline in four hours. The antioxidant activity of the plasma increased by 25% after 4 days of administering 300mg/day of Leucoselect Phytosome.(2) Research shows that Leucoselect Phytosome supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation by 14%.(4) The Biovin water soluble extract was shown to reduce the oxidation of the protein portion of the LDL, by 13%. Thus Biovin and the Leucoselect Phytosome complement each other in protecting LDL from oxidation in both the protein and lipid fractions.(1)
Wine phenolics such as resveratrol and quercitin have been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation(12) and suppress the secretion of APOB100, thus likely reducing the number of LDL particles causing a less atherogenic profile. The addition of Leucoselect Phytosome to a high fat/cholesterol diet was shown in a study to reduce the LDL increase and produce less arterial fatty streak build-up in animals.(1)
DIABETES PROTECTION: Resveratrol inhibits Advanced Glycated End products -induced proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells.(14)
BRAIN PROTECTION(15-21): Resveratrol can cross the brain barrier(17) and exert various protective effects against ischemic, excitatory or nitric oxide radical injuries. Grape extracts in general were shown to have promise for reducing the progression and pathology of Alzheimer's(19,20) and brain aging in general.(18) They are thought to work through three mechanisms: 1.) Antioxidant effect. 2.) Increase intra-cellular Glutathione. 3.) Reduce cellular Ca flux.(21)
COLLAGEN PROTECTION: Grape seed extract was shown to reduce the breakdown of collagen by inhibiting a number of enzymes: collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase. This is beneficial for skin protection and wound healing, vessel elasticity and joint damage prevention.(22)
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTION(22, 23-28): Oligomeric proanthocyanidins and resveratrol have been show to exert anti-inflammatory action through various mechanisms: inhibiting NF-kappaB, TNF-alpha, various cytokines, phospholipase A2.
LONGEVITY EFFECT: Resveratrol and quercitin were shown to extend lifespan in some studies of small organisms, by inhibiting the SIR2 enzyme which in turn causes the genetic expression of a longer lifespan. This is the same metabolic switch that caloric restriction seems to operate through. The equivalent gene in humans is SIRT1 and it is believed to have strong similarities to SIR2 gene.(29)
HOW DOES A CAPSULE OF GRAPE SEED SUPREME COMPARE WITH A GLASS OF WINE? Nutall et al(2) have found that a 300mg dose of Leucoselect Phytosome has produced a plasma antioxidant capacity increase comparable to that of the consumption of 5-7ml/kg of red wine per Kg body mass7, which for a typical 70 kg person translates into approx 0.5l or a half bottle of red wine. Considering the amount of Leucoselect and Biovin per capsule, we may extrapolate to say that one capsule of Grape Seed Supreme could be equivalent to one glass of red wine, without the detrimental effects of alcohol. Also, many red wines vary as much as 40 fold in Resveratrol content.
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