Hyaluronic acid, or HA, is a naturally occurring polymer found in every tissue of the body. It is particularly concentrated in the skin (almost fifty percent of all HA in the body is found in the skin) and in synovial fluid. The body's hyaluronic acid content decreases with age, due either to reduced synthesis or as a result of being redistributed in tissues. Both mechanisms decrease the availability and capability of HA to maintain healthy skin and joints.
HA is composed of alternating units of n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and d-glucuronate. Approved pharmaceutical sources of HA are derived from rooster comb. They are suitable for injectable applications and are designed to enhance synovial fluid and cartilage synthesis. HA may also be derived from bacterial fermentation but this form is not considered to be as pure or have the safety profile of rooster comb HA.
In injectable form, rooster comb HA is a large molecular weight compound ranging in size from 500,000 to 6,000,000 daltons. Because this is too large to be absorbed in the intestines, HA found in Pure Encapsulations formula undergoes a sophisticated, patent-pending enzymatic process that alters the molecular weight of the material but not the chemical composition. The final result is an easily absorbed HA polymer with a molecular weight of 5,000 daltons. This polymer's functions include attracting and retaining water in the extracellular matrix of tissues, in the layers of skin, and in synovial fluid. For skin cells, this is essential for proper cell-to-cell communication, hydration, nutrient delivery, and waste and toxin elimination.
HA also appears to support the skin by promoting healthy turnover and renewal of keratinocytes, moderating the appearance of fine lines and age spots. For joints, HA is especially supportive of healthy lubrication and shock absorption. Furthermore, in vitro studies indicate that HA modulates prostaglandin production, providing additional support for joint function.
In an animal study, low molecular weight HA demonstrated the ability to be absorbed orally. Subjective evaluations conducted by scientists at a Japanese university involved 96 individuals. The results suggest an enhancement of skin and joint health using low molecular weight HA. A number of anecdotal and preliminary reports also indicate a positive effect on skin and joint health.
Pure Encapsulations low molecular weight Hyaluronic Acid derived from rooster comb provides support for a healthy and youthful appearance by hydrating and smoothing the skin in addition to moderating the appearance of fine lines and age spots. Hyaluronic acid also supports joint function and comfort by promoting healthy synovial fluid composition and joint lubrication.
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